Jonassen's taxonomy of learning outcomes focuses,in nature,on the unity of the object-oriented and subject-oriented abilities.The object-oriented ability determines how well the learner processes information,that is,the ability to tranform the objective world,which embodies the traditionally-classified verbal information,concepts,rules,principles,problem-solving,and structured knowledge and expanded skills as well;while subjective-oriented ability is the learner's capability of self-cognition and self-perfecting,also known as the ability to transform the subjective world.Jonassen highlights the learning outcomes of affective domain,including wishes,efforts and perseverance,which is the learner's self-motivation,embodying passions for learning and efforts and willpower in learning.